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Literature Cited in Indo-Pacific ecoregion descriptions

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A
Abeywickrama, B.A. 1980. The Flora of Sri Lanka. Spolia Zeylanica. 35:1-8.

Abrams, P. A. 1994. Should prey overestimate the risk of predation? Amer. Nat. 144:317-328.

Abdulali, H. 1949. Some peculiarities of avi-faunal distribution in Peninsular India. Proc. National Institute of Science, India. 15:387-393.

Adler, G. H., and C. C. Austin, R. Dudley 1995. Dispersal and speciation of skinks among archipelagos in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Evol. Ecol. 9: 529-541.

Alcala, A. C., and W. C. Brown. 1998. Philippines amphibians: An illustrated fieldguide. Makati City: Bookmark, Inc. pp xii + 116.

Alcala, A. C., and W. C. Brown and A. C. Diesmos. 1998. Two new species of the genus Platymantis (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Proc. California Acad. Sci. 50: 381-388. Alcover, J.A., A. Sans, M. Palmer. 1998. The extent of extinctions of mammals on islands. J. of Biogeography. 25(5): 913-918.

Ali, S.I. 1978. The Flora of Pakistan: some general and analytical remarks. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 36: 427-439.

Allan, T. and A. Warren. 1993. Deserts. The encroaching wilderness. A world conservation atlas. Oxford University Press. New York.

Allen, D.A. 1998. On the birds of Tawitawi province in the Philippines. Bull. Tsurumi Univ. 35(4): 73-154.

Allen, D. L. 1979. Wolves of Minong: their vital role in a wild community. Boston: Houghton- Mifflin. pp 499.

Allison, A. 1993. Biodiversity and conservation of the fishes, amphibians, and reptiles of Papua New Guinea. Pages 157-224 in B. M. Beehler, editor. Papua New Guinea conservation needs assessment, Volume 2. Biodiversity Support Program. Washington, D.C.

Allison, Allen 1994. "Chapter 16: Biodiversity and conservation of the fishes, amphibians, and reptiles of Papua New Guinea." pp. 157-225 in Papua New Guinea Conservation Needs Assessment, Volume 2. Government of Papua New Guinea Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). Boroko: The Biodiversity Support Program.

Allison, A. 1996. Zoogeography of amphibians and reptiles of New Guinea and the Pacific region. Pages 407-436 in J. A. Keast, S. E. Miller (editors), The Origin and Evolution of Pacific Island Biotas, New Guinea to Eastern Polynesia: Patterns and Processes. Amsterdam: SPB Academic Publishing.

Alonso, L. E., and A. L. Mack (editors). 2000. A Biological Assessment of the Wapoga River Area of Northwestern Irian Jaya, Indonesia. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 14. Washington, DC: Conservation International.

Alvard, M. 2000. The impact of traditional subsistence hunting and trapping on prey populations: data from Wana horticulturalists of upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Pages 214-230 in J. G. Robinson, and E. L. Bennett (editors), Hunting for Sustainability in Tropical Forests. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Amato, G., M. G. Egan, and A. Rabinowitz. 1999. A new species of muntjac, Muntiacus putaoensis (Artiodactyla:Cervidae) from northern Myanmar. Animal Conservation 2:1-7

Anderson, J. A. R. 1980. A Check List of the Trees of Sarawak. Kuching, Sarawak: Vanguard Press Sdn. Bdn.

_____. 1983. "Chapter 6: The tropical peat swamps of western Malesia". Pages 181- 199 in A. J. P. Gore (editor), Ecosystems of the World: Mires: Swamp, Bog, Fen and Moor. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co.

Angermeier, P. L. 2000. The natural imperative for biological conservation. Conserv. Biol. 14: 373-381.

Annandale, N. 1918. Fish and fisheries of the Inle Lake. Rec. Ind. Mus. 14: 33-64, pls. 1-7.

Anonymous, 1994. Impact Assessment Studies of Narmada Sagar and Omkareshwar Projects on Flora and Fauna with Attendant Human Aspects. WII-EIA Technical Report # 9, WII. Dehra Dun.

Archer, S., and F. E. Smeins. 1991. Ecosystem-level processes. Pages 109-139 in R.K. Heidtschmidt and J. W. Stuth (editors), Grazing management: An ecological perspective. Portland, OR: Timber Press Inc.

Archibold, O. W. 1995. Ecology of world vegetation. Chapman and Hall Ltd. New York, New York.

Arulchelvam, K. 1969. Mangroves. The Ceylon Forester. 8:1-34

Ashton, M., S. Gunatilleke, N. De Zoysa, M.D. Dassanayake, N. Gunatilleke, and S. Wijesundara. 1997. A field guide to the common trees and shrubs of Sri Lanka. Wildlife Heritage Trust Publications, Sri Lanka.

Ashton, P.M.S., C.V.S. Gunatilleke, and I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke. 1992. A shelterwood method of regeneration for sustained timber production in Mesua-Shorea forest of southwest Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the International and Interdisciplinary Symposium, Ecology and Landscape Management in Sri Lanka. W Erdelen, C. Preu, N. Ishwaran, C.M. Madduma Bandara (eds). Margraf Scientific Books.

Ashton, P.S. and C.V.S. Gunatilleke. 1987. New light on the plant geography of Ceylon I. Historical plant geography. Journal of Biogeography 14:249-285

Ashton, P. S. 1980. Dipterocarpceae. Pages 364-423 in Dassanayake, M.D. and Fosberg, F.R., (editors), Flora of Ceylon. Volume 1. New Dehli. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.

_____.1982. Dipterocarpceae. Pages 237-552 in Van Steenis, C.G.G.J., (editors)., Flora Malesiana. Volume 9. Spermatophyta. 1. The Hague. Martinus Nijoff Publishers.

_____. 1989. Sundaland. Pages 91-99 in D. G. Campbell, and H.D. Hammond (editors), Floristic inventory of tropical countries. New York Botanical Garden.

_____. 1995. Towards a regional forest classification for the humid tropical of Asia. Pages 435- 464 in E. O. Box et al. (editors), Vegetation Science in Forestry. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Audley-Charles, M.G., A.M. Hurley, and A.G. Smith. 1981. Continental movementss in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. In: Wallace’s line and plate tectonics. Eds: T.C. Whitmore. Pp 9-23. Clarendon Press, Oxford, England.

Austin, C. C. 1995. Molecular and morphological evolution in South Pacific scincid lizards: morphological conservatism and phylogenetic relations of Papuan Lipinia (Scincidae). Herpetologica 51: 291-300.

Avise, J. C. 1998. The History and Purview of Phylogeography: A Personal Reflection. Molec. Ecol. 7: 371-379.

Avise, J. C. 2000. Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

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B

Bagarinao, T. 1998. Nature parks, museums, gardens, and zoos for biodiversity conservation and environment education: the Philippines. Ambio. 27(3): 230-237.

Bahir, M.M. 1998. Three new species of crabs of the genus Perbrinckia (Crustacea:Paathelphusidae) from the central mountains of Sri Lanka. Journal of South Asian natural History. 3:197-212.

Baig, K. J. 1998. Amphibian fauna of Azad Jammu and Kashmir with new record of Paa liebigii. Proc. Pakistan Acad. Sci. 35: 117-121.

Baig, K. J., and L. Gvozdik. 1998. Uperodon systoma: record of a new microhylid frog from Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool. 30: 155-156.

Bailey, R. G. 1998. Ecoregions: The ecosystem geography of the oceans and continents. New York, NY: Springre Verlag. Balakrishnan, N. P. 1989. Andaman Islands-vegetation and floristics. Pages 55-68 in Saldanha, C. J. (editor). Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep: an environmental impact assessment. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD. New Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta.

Balgooy, M. M. J. van. 1971. Plant geography of the Pacific, based on a census of Phanerogram genera. Blumea, Supplement 6. Cited in K. A. Monk, Y. de Fretes, and G. Reksodiharjo- Lilley et al. 1997. The ecology pf Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.

Baltzer, M.C., T.D. Nguyen, and R.G. Shore. 2001. Towards a vision for biodiversity conservation in the Forests of the Lower Mekong Ecoregion Complex. World Wildlife Fund, Washington DC.

BAP. 1995. Biodiversity Action Plan for Vietnam. Government of Vietnam and GEF.

BAPPENAS. 1993. Biodiversity action plan for Indonesia. Jakarta.

_____. 1999. Final report, annex I: causes extent, impact and costs of 1997/98 fires and drought. Asian development bank technical assistance grant TA 2999-INO, Planning for fire prevention and drought management project. Jakarta.

Barber, C. V., and J. Schweithelm. 2000. Trial by fire. World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C.

Barbier, E. B., J. C. Burgess, and C. Folke. 1994. Paradise Lost? The Ecological Economics of Biodiversity. London: Earthscan.

Bartlett, H.H. 1955. Fire in relation to primitive agriculture in the tropics. Annotated bibliography, Volume 1. Ann Arbor; Univ. Michigan Botanic Garden.

Bauchop, T. (1978). Digestion of leaves in vertebrate arboreal folivores. In Montgomery, G.G. (ed.) The Ecology of Arboreal Folivores, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., pp 193-204.

Bauchop, T. and Martucci, R.W. (1968). Ruminant-like digestion of the langur monkey. Science, 161:698-700.

Bauer, A. M. 1988. Hypothesis: A geological basis for some herpetofaunal disjunctions in the Southwest Pacific, with special reference to Vanuatu. Herp. J. 1: 259-263.

_____. 1999. The terrestrial reptiles of New Caledonia: The origin and evolution of a highly endemic herpetofauna. Pages 3-25 in H. Ota (editor), Tropical Island Herpetofauna: Origin, Current Diversity, and Conservation. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Bauer, A.M. & R.A. Sadlier 1994. The Terrestrial Herpetofauna of the Ile des Pins, New Caledonia. Pacific Science 48: 353-366.

Bauer, A. M. and R. A. Sadlier 1993. Systematics, biogeography and conservation of the lizards of New Caledonia. Biodiv. Letters 1: 107-122.

Bauer, A. M., and J. V. Vindum 1990. A Checklist and Key to the Herpetofauna of New Caledonia, with Remarks on Biogeography. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 47: 17-45.

Bauer, J J. 1990. The analysis of plant-herbivore interactions between ungulates and vegetation on alpine grasslands in the Himalayan region of Nepal. Vegetatio, 90(1):15-34.

Beebee, T. J. C. 1990. Identification of closely-related anuran early life-stages by electrophoretic fingerprinting. Herpetol. J. 1: 454-457.

Beehler, B. M. 1993. Biodiversity and conservation of the warm-blooded vertebrates of Papua New Guinea. Pages 77-155 in B. M. Beehler, editor. Papua New Guinea conservation needs assessment, Volume 2. Biodiversity Support Program. Washington, D.C.

Beehler, B. M. 1993. Mapping PNG's biodiversity. Pages 193-209 in J. B. Alcorn, editor. Papua New Guinea conservation needs assessment, Volume 1. Biodiversity Support Program. Washington, D.C.

Beehler, B.M., ed. 1994. Papua New Guinea Conservation Needs Assessment. Government of Papua New Guinea Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). Boroko: The Biodiversity Support Program.

Beehler, B.M. 1994. "Chapter 15: Biodiversity and conservation of the warm-blooded vertebrates of Papua New Guinea." pp. 77-155 in Papua New Guinea Conservation Needs Assessment, Volume 2. Government of Papua New Guinea Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). Boroko: The Biodiversity Support Program.

Beehler, B. M. and L. E. Alonso (Editors). 2001. Southern New Ireland, Papua New Guinea: A Biodiversity Assessment. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 22. Conservation International, Washington, D.C.

Beehler, B.M., T.K. Pratt and D.A. Zimmerman. 1986. Birds of New Guinea. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 293 p.

Behnke, R. H., and I. Scoones. 1993. Rethinking range ecology: implications for rangeland management in Africa. Pages 1-30 in R.H. Behnke, I. Scoones, and C. Kerven (editors), Range Ecology at Disequilibrium: New Models of Natural Variability and Pastoral Adaptation in African Savannas. London: ODI.

Bell, D., Oliver, J., R., W. L., and Ghosh, R. K. 1990. Rabbits, hares and pikas: Status survey and conservation action plan. In Chapman and Flux, (Eds.), The Hispid hare. International union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, SSC Lagomorph Specialist Group.

Belsky, A. J. 1986. Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the evidence. American Naturalist 127: 870-892.

Bennett, E. L. 1998. The Natural history of Orang-Utan. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhn.

Bennett, E. L., Nyaoi, A. J., and J. Sompud. 2000. Saving Borneo’s bacon: the sustainability of hunting in Sarawak and Sabah. Pages 305-324 in J. G. Robinson, and E. L. Bennett (editors), Hunting for Sustainability in Tropical Forests. New York: Columbia University Press.

Bennett, E. L., and Robinson, J. G. (in press). Hunting of Wildlife in Tropical Forests: Implications for Biodiversity and Forest Peoples. Washington DC: Global Environment Division, The World Bank.

Bennett, E. L., and A. C. Sebastian. 1988. Social organization and ecology of proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in mixed coastal forest in Sarawak. Internatl. J. Primatol. 9:233-55.

Bennett, E.L. and F. Gombek. 1993. Proboscis Monkeys of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo) SDN. BHD and Koktas Sabah Berhad.

Berger, J., 1990. Persistence of different-sized populations: an empirical assessment of rapid extinctions in bighorn sheep. Conservation Biology, 4, 91-98.

Bermingham, E., and C. Moritz 1998. Comparative Phylogeography: Concepts and Applications. Molec. Ecol. 7: 367-369.

Bishop, K.D. 1982. Endemic birds of Biak Island. International Council for Bird Preservation survey. Unpublished report.

Bjonness, I. M. 1990. Animal husbandry and grazing: a conservation and management problem in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal. Norsk geogr. Tidsskr 34: 59-76.

Blair, W. F. 1958. Mating call in the speciation of anuran amphibians. American Natural 92: 27- 51.

Blanford, W. T. 1901. The distribution of vertebrate animals of India, Ceylon, and Burma. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. of London (B) 194: 335-436. Cited in J. MacKinnon, and K. MacKinnon. 1986. Review of the protected areas system in the Indo-Malayan Realm. IUCN/UNEP publication.

Blasco, F. 1975. Mangroves of India. French Institute, Pondicherry

Blasco, F., M. F. Bellan, and M. Aizpuru. 1996. A vegetation map of tropical continental Asia at scale 1:5 million. Journal of Vegetation Science 7: 623-634. Blaustein, A. R. 1994. Chicken Little or Nero’s Fiddle: a perspective on declining amphibian populations. Herpetologica 50: 85-97.

Blaustein, A. R., and D. B. Wake. 1990. Declining amphibian populations: a global phenomenon? Trends Ecol. & Evol. 5: 203-204.

Blaustein, A. R., and D. B. Wake. 1995. The puzzle of declining amphibian populations. Scientific American 1995: 56-61.

Bleeker, P. 1983. Soils of Papua New Guinea. Australian National University Press. Canberra, Australia.

Blower, J. n.d. Species Conservation Priorities in Burma. UNDP/FAO Nature Conservation and National Parks Project, Burma.

Blume, K.L. 1825. Dipterocarpaceae in Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlanisch Indie. Batavia

Böhme, W. and T. Ziegler 1997. Varanus melinus sp. n., ein neuer Waran aus der V. indicus- Gruppe von den Molukken, Indonesien. Herpetofauna 19: 26-34.

Bonaccorso, F.J. 1998. Bats of Papua New Guinea. Conservation Internation, Washington, DC.

Bonaccorso, F., L. Salas, and S. Stephens. in press. Marsupials and Monotremes of New Guinea and Satellite Islands.

Boonratana, R. 1997. Field training in wildlife conservation research techniques and large mammal survey at Nam Poui National Biodiversity Conservation Area. Vientiane: IUCN/LSFP.

Boonratana, R. 1998a. Wildlife survey training at Dong Hua Sao and Phou Xiang Thong National Biodiversity Conservation Areas, Lao PDR. Vientiane: IUCN.

Boonratana, R. 1998b. Field management of Nam Poui and Phou Xang He National Biodiversity Conservation Areas. Vientiane: IUCN/LSFP.

Boonratana, R. 1998c. Nakai - Nam Theun Conservation Project [Phase 2]: Wildlife monitoring techniques and participatory conservation at Nakai - Nam Theun NBCA. Vientiane: IUCN/WCS.

Boonratana, R. 1999a. A Preliminary Wildlife Survey in the Kravanh Range of Southwestern Cambodia. Hanoi: FFI.

Boonratana, R. 1999b. Fauna & Flora International - Indochina Programme: Na Hang Rainforest Conservation Project. Hanoi: FFI.

Boonrayana, R. 1999c. Establishment and Development of Tan Phu Elephant Sanctuary. Hanoi: FFI. Boonratana, R. 2000a. A Rapid Participatory Assessment of Wildlife Diversity in Dong Sithouane Production Forest. Vientiane: FOMACOP.

Boonratana, R. 2000b. The Nam Theun Social and Environmental Project (Year 2000 Activities): Wildlife Movements/Seasonal Migration Study and Training. Vientiane: IUCN.

Boonratana, R. and X.C. Le. 1994. A report on the ecology, status and conservation of the Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus avunculus) in northern Vietnam. New York/Hanoi: WCS/IEBR

Boonratana, R. and X.C. Le. 1998a. Preliminary Observations on the Ecology and Behaviour of the Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus [Presbyticus] avunculus) in Northern Vietnam. In N.G. Jablonski (Ed). The Natural History of the Doucs and Snub-nosed Monkeys. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Ltd. Pp. 207-215.

Boonratana, R. and X.C. Le. 1998b. Conservation of Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkeys (Rhinopithecus [Presbyticus] avunculus) in Vietnam. In N.G. Jablonski (Ed.). The Natural History of the Doucs and Snub-nosed Monkeys. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Ltd. Pp. 315-322.

Bork, E. W., N. E. West, and J. W. Walker. 1998. Cover components on long-term seasonal sheep grazing treatments in three-tip sagebrush steppe. Journal of Range Management 51(3): 293-300.

Bortone, S. A., and W. P. Davis. 1994. Fish intersexuality as indicator of environmental stress: Monitoring fish reproductive systems can serve to alert humans to potential harm. BioScience 44: 165-172.

Bosheng, L. 1995. Biodiversity of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Its Conservation. Discussion Paper, Series No. MNR 95/3. Katmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development.

Bouchet, P., T. Jaffré, and J.-M. Veillon. 1995. Plant extinction in New Caledonia: protection of sclerophyll forests urgently needed. Biodiversity and Conservation 4:415-428.

Boulenger, G. A. 1892. Concluding report on the reptiles and batrachians obtained in Burma by Signor L. Fea dealing with the collection made in Pegu and the Karin Hills in 1887-1888. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa ser. 2 13: 1-14; Pl. I-VI.

Box et al., eds. 1995. Vegetation Science in Forestry. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp 453-464.

Bradley, J. 1876. A narrative of travel and sport. Samual Tinsley, London.

Bregulla, H. 1992. Birds of Vanuatu. Anthony Nelson, Shropshire, UK.

Brinkman, W. J., and V. T. Xuan. 1986. Melaleuca leucadendron, a useful and versitile tree for acid sulfate soils and some other poor environments. M. Sc. Thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University.

Briske, D. D., and J. H. Richards. 1995. Plant responses to defoliation: a physiological, morphological and demographic evaluation. Pages 635 - 710 in D.J. Bedunah, and R. E. Sosebee (editors), Wildland Plants: Physiological Ecology and Developmental Morphology. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management.

Brooks, R. R. 1987. Serpentine and Its Vegetation. Dioscorides Press, Portland.

Brooks, T., G. Dutson, B. King, and P.M. Magsalay. 1995. An annotated check-list of the forest birds of Rajah Sikatuna National Park, Bohol, Philippines, in Forktail, 11(1995):121-134.

Brooks, T.M., T.D. Evans, G.C.L. Dutson, G.Q.A. Anderson, D.C. Asane, R.J. Timmins, and A.G. Toledo. 1992. The conservation status of the birds of Negros, Philippines, in Bird Conservation International, 2:273-302

Brooks, T.M., P. Magsalay, G.Dutson., R. Allen. 1995. Forest loss, extinctions and last hope for birds on Cebu, in Oriental Bird Club Bulletin, 21: 24-26.

Brooks, T. M., S. L. Pimm, and N. J. Collar. 1997. Deforestation predicts the number of threatened birds in insular South-East Asia. Conservation Biology 11: 382-394.

Brooks, T. M., S. L. Pimm, V. Kapos, and C. Ravilious. 1999. Threat from deforestation to montane lowland birds and mammals in insular South-East Asia. J. Anim. Ecol. 68: 1061- 1078.

Brower, B. 1990. Range conservation and Sherpa livestock management in Khumbu, Nepal. Mountain Research and Develeopment 10(1): 34-42.

Brown, W.C. and A.C. Alcala. 1970. The zoogeography of the herpetofauna of the Philippine Islands, a fringing archipelago Calif. Acad. of Sci., San Francisco, Proc. 38(6) (4.s.): 105-130.

Brown, J.H. and A.C. Gibson. 1983. Biogeography. C.V. Mos

Brown, J.H. and W. McDonald. 1995. Livestock grazing and conservation on southwestern rangelands. Conservation Biology, 9(6): 1644-1647.

Brown, J. S., J. W. Laundre, and M. Gurung. 1999. The ecology of fear: optimal foraging, game theory, and trophic interactions. J. Mammal. 80: 385-399.

Brown, M. and B. Wyckoff-Baird. 1992. Designing Integrated Conservation and Development Projects. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington, D.C.

Brown, R. W. 1995. The water relations of range plants: adaptations to water deficits. Pages 291- 413 in D. J. Bedunah and R. Sosebee (editors), Wildland Plants: Physiological Ecology and Developmental Morphology. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management.

Brown, W. C. 1991. Lizards of the Genus Emoia (Scincidae) with Observations on Their Evolution and Biogeography. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci. 15: 1-92.

Brown, W. C., R. M. Brown, P. S. Ong, and A. C. Diesmos. 1999. A new species of Platymantis (Amphibia: Ranidae) from the Sierra Madre Mountains, Luzon Island, Philippines. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112: 510-514.

Brown, W. C., J. A. McGuire, and A. C. Diesmos. 2000. Status of some Philippine frogs referred to Rana everetti (Anura: Ranidae), descriptions of a new species, and resurrection of Rana igorota Taylor 1922. Herpetologica 56: 81-104.

Brown, W. C., A. C. Alcala, and A. C. Diesmos. 1997a. A new species of the genus Platymantis (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 110: 18-23.

Brown, W. C., A. C. Alcala, A. C. Diesmos, and E. Alcala. 1997b. Species of the guentheri group of Platymantis (Amphibia: Ranidae) from the Philippines, with descriptions of four new species. Proc. California Acad. Sci. 50: 1-20.

Brown, W. C., and A. C, Alcala. 1970. The Zoogeography of the Herpetofauna of the Philippine Islands, a Fringing Archipelago. Proc. California Acad. Sci. 38: 105-130.

Brown, W. C., R. M. Brown, and A. C. Alcala. 1997c. Species of the hazelae group of Platymantis (Amphibia: Ranidae) from the Philippines, with descriptions of two new species. Proc. California Acad. Sci. 49: 405-421.

Brown, W. C., R. M. Brown, V. Kapos, and C. Ravilious. 1999. Threat from deforestation to montane lowland birds and mammals in insular South-East Asia. J. Anim. Ecol. 68: 1061- 1078.

Bruna, E. M., and R. N. Fisher, T. J. Case. 1996. Morphological and genetic evolution appear decoupled in Pacific skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Emoia). Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263: 681-688.

Brünig, E. F. 1973. Species richness and stand diversity in relation to site and succession of forests in Sarawak and Brunei (Borneo). Amazoniana 4: 293-320.

_____. 1974. Ecological studies in the kerangas forests of Sarawak and Brunei. Kuching: Borneo Literature Bureau.

Brussard, P. F., D. d. Murphy, and D. R. Tracy. 1994. Cattle and conservation biology: another view. Conservation Biology 8(4): 919-921.

Bryant, D., D. Nielsen, and L. Tangley. 1997. The last frontier forests: ecosystems and economies on the edge. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.

Burgess, N. et al. in press. Terrestrial Ecoregions of Africa: A Conservation Assessment. WWF-USA, in press.

Burley, F. W. 1988. Monitoring biological diversity for setting priorities in conservation. Pages 227-230 in E. O. Wilson (editor), Biodiversity. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Burley, J. 1991. A floral inventory of West Kalimantan. Project proposal.

Burnham, C. P. 1984. Soils. Pages 137-152 in T. C. Whitmore (editor). Tropical rain forests of the Far East. New York: Oxford University Press.

Bury, R. B., H. W. Campbell, and N. J. Scott. 1980. Role and importance of nongame wildlife. Trans. North American Wildl. & Nat. Res. Conf. 45: 197-207.

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Caldecott, J. O. 1980. Habitat quality and populations of two sympathetic gibbons (Hylobatidae) on a mountain in Malaya. Folia Primatol. 33: 291-309.

Caldwell, G. S. 1986. Predation as a selective force on foraging herones: effects of plumage color and flocking. Auk 103: 494-505.

Calvo, A., and G. Navarrete. 1999. El desarrollo del sistema de pago de servicios ambientales en Costa Rica. FONAFIFO and UNDP, San Jose, Costa Rica.

Campbell, E. J. F. 1994. A Walk through the LOWLAND RAIN FOREST of Sabah. K. M. Wong (editor). Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd.

Cannatella, D. 1985. A phylogeny of primitive frogs (Archaeobatrachians). Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, University of Kansas, Lawrence. pp 403.

Cao, Min and Jianhou Zhang. 1997. Tree species diversity of tropical forest vegetation in Xishuangbanna, SW China. Biodiversity and Conservation 6: 995-1006.

Carbone, C., G. M. Mace, S. C. Roberts, and D. W. Macdonald. 1999. Energetic constraints on the diet of terrestrial carnivores. Nature 402: 286-288.

Carbone, C., S. Christie, K. Conforti, T. Coulson, N. Franklin, J. Ginsberg, M. Griffiths, J. Holden, K. Kawanishi, M. Kinnaird, R. Laidlaw, A. Lynam, D. Martyr, C. McDougal, L. Nath, T. O’Brien, J. Seidensticker, L. J. D. Smith, M. Sunquist, R. Tilson, and W. N. Wan Shahruddin. (In review). The use of photographic rates to estimate densities of tigers and other cryptic mammals.

Case, T. J., and M. R. Gilpin. 1974. Inference competition and niche theory. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71: 3073-3077.

Castro, R., L. Gamez, N. Olson, and F. Tattenbach. 1998. The Costa Rican Experience with Market Instruments to Mitigate Climate Change and Conserve Biodiversity. FUNDECOR, MINAE, and the World Bank, San Jose, Costa Rica.

Center for Borneo Studies (CBS). 1992. Forest Biology and Conservation in Borneo. Kota Kinabalu: Yayasan Sabah.

Center for Conservation Biology. 1992. Rapid Assessment of Forest/Wildlife/River Ecology in Area Affected by Kaeng Sua Ten Dam. Report to World Bank.

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